Health AI Central
Peer-Reviewed Publication
Can J Physiol Pharmacol2026September 10, 2026Journal Article

CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECTS OF INCRETIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS: BEYOND GLYCEMIC CONTROL.

Marko Ravic1, Ivan M Srejovic2, Isidora Milosavljevic3,4, Jovana Novakovic3,5, Vladimir Jakovljevic6,7,8, Ksenija Vucicevic9,10, Djurdjina Petrovic11, Maja Muric12,13
1Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Kragujevac, Serbia; markoravic@hotmail.com.
2Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia, Department of Physiology, , Kragujevac, Serbia; ivan_srejovic@hotmail.com.
3University of Kragujevac, Department of Pharmacy, Kragujevac, Serbia.
4University of Kragujevac, Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Kragujevac, Serbia; isidora.milosavljevic@fmn.kg.ac.rs.
5University of Kragujevac, Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Kragujevac, Serbia; jovana.novakovic@fmn.kg.ac.rs.
6University of Kragujevac Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kragujevac, Serbia.
71st Moscow State Medical University, Department of Human Pathology, Moscow, Russian Federation.
8University of Kragujevac Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Kragujevac, Serbia; drvladakgbg@yahoo.com.
9University of Kragujevac Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Kragujevac, Serbia.
10University of Kragujevac Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Kragujevac, Serbia; ksenija.vucicevic.kg@gmail.com.
11University of Kragujevac Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Kragujevac, Serbia; djina.petrovic99@gmail.com.
12University of Kragujevac, Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Kragujevac, Serbia.
13University of Kragujevac, Department of Physiology, Kragujevac, Serbia; majanikolickg90@gmail.com.
PubMed DOI

Abstract

Incretin-based therapies have evolved from selective GLP-1RA to dual GLP-1/ GIP agonists and unimolecular triple GLP-1/GIP/glucagon receptor agonists. This review examines the cardiovascular effects of these three pharmacological tiers, with emphasis on mechanisms that operate beyond glycaemic control. Mediation analyses of major CVOTs indicate that glycaemic improvement accounts for less than 15…

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